A Backyard Pond, the Natural Way

A backyard pond can be a small hand dug excavation, or designed to be any size complete with channels, waterfalls, and fountains. They can also be built in barrels or other patio containers. A backyard pond is a natural, relaxing, and scenic addition that benefits people and animals.

A backyard pond should be located where it can be seen from a patio or deck. Ideally, it should look similar to the surroundings, rather than competing with them. The soil should be slightly elevated around the pond to prevent excess water from draining back into the pond. Avoid putting a pond under trees, if possible. This will cut down on debris, and most aquatic plants thrive in full sunlight.

Once the ideal site is selected, excavation can begin. According to the National Association of Conservation Districts, the pond should be "at least 18 to 24 inches deep; 24 to 36 inches is ideal"; With this depth, a greater variety of fish and plants can thrive in the pond. Tiers or terraces around the inside of the pond at various depths create a place to put pots of different aquatic plants. Allow room for landscaping.

Plants are, of course, the essential part of any garden. When choosing plants for a backyard pond, choose a mix of submersible, emergent, and floating plants. Emergent plants such as cattails, arrowhead, and water lilies should be added to the margins of pools. Floating species are plants that are not anchored. They include duckweed, water lettuce, and water hyacinth. While floating plants are not very effective in originating the pond, they do help keep the water clear by impeding the amount of sunlight that enters the pond.

Native fish can also be added to a backyard pond. They are fun to watch and help keep the pond free of unwanted insects. The pond should also contain scavengers, such as tadpoles, to help control plant growth. If you plan your backyard pond well, it will clean itself without help. A filter may also be used to keep the algae level down. However, with a natural pond, more cleaning can sometimes do more harm than it does good. The right balance provides a toxic-free habitat for wildlife and an oasis for the gardener.